Principles and practices for the inclusion of disabled people in access to safe sanitation: a case study from Ethiopia

The CLTS Knowledge Hub has changed to The Sanitation Learning Hub and we have a new website https://sanitationlearninghub.org/. Please visit us here - it would be great to stay in contact.
The CLTS Knowledge Hub website is no longer being updated you can access timely, relevant and action-orientated sanitation and hygiene resources and information at the new site.
Practical guidance on new methods, and thinking on broader issues.
Resources are listed below chronologically but are also searchable through using the keyword search and the filters in the sidebar, by Topic, Country, Date, Language and Type.
Despite large government and NGO programs, despite substantially increased public spending on sanitation, and despite sustained economic growth, open defecation is declining very, very slowly in rural “Hindi heartland” north India. Widespread resistance to using simple latrines in the rural north Indian plains states is a human development crisis and a serious puzzle: this is exactly the place on earth where open defecation is most common and where high population density most raises the human and economic costs of open defecation.
‘Shit’ is a highly sensitive, almost taboo topic across all cultures. Circumventing this sensitivity has contributed to the failure of many programmes aiming to prevent the practice of Open Defecation (OD). The Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) approach is, however, more successful. This article asserts that this can be attributed to the emphasis placed on the ‘power of shit’ and more significantly the disciplinary action of the ‘disgust’ it elicits.
A review of Oxfam’s CLTS initiative in Kitgum/Lamwo districts, northern Uganda, carried out between July 2009 and July 2010 by Ines Muñoz Sanchez
of Wageningen University & Research centre. (September 2011)
SNV carried out a participatory review of their Sanitation Demand and
Behaviour Change activities in North-West Vietnam in 2010. SNV has been piloting Community-led Total Sanitation (CLTS) in Vietnam as part of the National Target Program for Rural Water Supply and Sanitation II since 2008 as a tool for sanitation demand creation. Ahead of the CLTS scale-up, SNV conducted this review of the pilot activities to understand factors that generated success within the pilot, so that these could be replicated in the expanded program, and also to build shared understanding and enthusiasm with partners for the scale-up activities.
Short summary of a study by Engineers without Borders which looked at whether CLTS is truly effective at creating ODF villages, sustainability of behaviour change and areas for improvement during post-triggering activities and follow in TA Mkanda, Malawi.
Engineers without Borders, Canada, October 2010
Article by Edy Priyono on the research carried out by Akademika as part of the IDS research project Going to Scale: The Potential of Community-led Total Sanitation in Percik Magazine (December 2008)
in Bahasa Indonesia