Access to improved sanitation is still a major challenge in the 21 countries of the Eastern and Southern Africa Region (ESAR): nearly a quarter of the population practices open defecation and 40% use unimproved latrines. The challenge is twofold: changing behaviors towards adopting improved sanitation practices, and providing a supply chain of services and materials for building latrines for the rural population. This technical brief is based on the main findings of a report commissioned by UNICEF entitled “Regional Supply Chains for Sanitation in Eastern and Southern Africa”.