A hypothesis on the monitoring system in India’s Total Sanitation Campaign

One of the problems of the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) in India has been its flawed monitoring system. The sanitation sector internationally was shocked when recently the sanitation coverage data from the Census were published. The worst fears were surpassed. Between 2001 and 2011, the TSC reported a sanitation increase of 46 points; from 22% to 68%. However, coverage was only 31% in 2011 according to the Census (GoI 2012a). This raises questions about the TSC monitoring system –and about the TSC policy itself, too.